Direct Method

Direct Method is a method that aims to ensure that learners can speak the target language fluently. Learners can practice their language using the Direct Method because here lerners are emphasized on speaking the target language and avoiding using the first language. According to (Fadhly, 2023), the Direct method has a general instructional objective, namely to develop learners' speaking and listening skills in the target language. This goal is to bridge the learners so that the learners are able to use the target language fluently and are able to understand oral speech effectively.

Apart from that, there are several specific instructional objectives in the Direct Method, especially in developing learners' language skills so that learners can master and use the target language well. According to (Fadhly, 2023), there are several specific instructional objectives in the Direct Method, the first objective is to achieve speaking skills, by using the Direct Method it is hoped that students will be able to speak the target language fluently, then be able to express and convey opinions and ideas clearly, and can also use appropriate expressions. In essence, the output of the Direct Method is that learners can confidently and get used to speaking the target language by using appropriate linguistic rules.

Not only to achieve speaking skills, but the next specific instructional objective is to achieve listening skills. With the Direct Method, learners not only get used to speaking, but also get used to listening. Learners can understand someone who is speaking using the target language effectively, learners can understand the meaning of what is conveyed in the target language, then they can recognize differences in intonation, differences in accent, and differences in speaking styles of each speaker who uses the target language. It's the same as when we listen to our first language, we can automatically know what meaning is being conveyed, what a person's intonation, accent and speaking style are like. Likewise, with the Direct Method, learners can practice to achieve their listening skills so that they can automatically recognize and understand the target language when they hear it.

Furthermore, according to (Fadhly, 2023) with the Direct Method learners can master vocabulary quickly. Learners can master and develop vocabulary in the target language, especially in the use of vocabulary related to everyday communication needs, because by getting used to using the target language, students can automatically store vocabulary easily in their brains. Then, the next specific instructional objective is understanding sentence structure. By using the Direct Method, students are able to understand the sentence structure of the target language, such as understanding the use of tenses, the use of prepositions, the use of conjunctions, and the use of other grammar rules. Learners can effectively understand and master the grammar of the target language used.

In addition, another specific instructional objective is that learners are able to achieve correct pronunciation. According to (Fadhly, 2023), learners can easily pronounce words and phrases from the target language correctly. This is because learners have been accustomed to hearing and interacting with native speakers as known as teachers who use the target language, so that learners can easily master pronunciation correctly. The next objective is that learners can convey messages effectively. With the Direct Method, learners will be able to convey messages, information, stories, experiences, opinions in the target language effectively and correctly. In addition, learners can convey messages persuasively.

According to (Fadhly, 2023), with the Direct Method, learners can achieve dialogue skills. Learners can achieve communication skills and interact using the target language, learners can participate in conversations and carry out social interactions in the target language well and correctly. Apart from that, the next specific objective is that learners can develop their creative thinking skills in the target language, for example in creating creative texts such as poetry, short stories, novels, narrative text, etc. By practicing to create their own creative texts, it means that learners are also practicing to develop their creative thinking skills

The final specific instructional objective, as stated by (Fadhly, 2023), is understanding cultural context, with the Direct Method learners can gain an understanding of the cultural context related to the target language. For example, learners can learn about social norms in communication, so that learners can communicate well and clearly. In addition, learners can adapt communication according to the cultural context in the target language.

By completing these objectives, learners are supposed to be able to speak the target language with ease, comprehend accents, intonations, and speaking variations, and become fluent in relevant vocabulary and sentence structures using the Direct Method.


Reference : Fadhly, F.Z. (2023). EFL Teaching Methodology. Edukati Inti Cemerlang.


 

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